Starting with the upcoming 2.6.31 Linux Kernel (already available as 2.6.31-rc1) a functional version of the socketcan device driver found its way into mainline.
While socketcan itself has been in mainline for quite a while, there where no drivers for actual real-world hardware. This has now changed and I will therefore be able to run a Kernel which is one step closer to mainline.
Unfortunately however some kind of unioning filesystem is still missing.
Anyway, back to Controller–area network!
Since I wrote my own CAN device driver as a character device a couple of years ago I started thinking about a CAN-bus driver beeing implemented as a Network device. I wrote my own driver in the first place, because I needed concurrent access which is (needless to say) also possible with socketcan.
Fortunately two guys at Volkswagen Research finally started doing exactly this. Thank you to the socketcan people for providing such a nice piece of software!
So here is a mini HOWTO for getting it up and running.
What you need:
- A GNU/Linux machine
- A decent Kernel (2.6.31-rc1 or higher)
- git and subversion
- A supported CAN-bus card. I’m using one sold by EMS Wünsche, but a lot of other SJA1000 based cards may also work.
- The simple userland utilities from svn://svn.berlios.de/socketcan/trunk/can-utils
- A decent Version of iproute2 (not yet available in current GNU/Linux distributions at the time of writing)
How to get it up and running:
First of all compile and boot a Kernel where all CAN-related support is enabled either as a module or build into the Kernel.
Afterwords check out the userland utilities from subversion (svn checkout svn://svn.berlios.de/socketcan/trunk/can-utils) and compile them by just typing make.
Same goes for iproute2 (git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shemminger/iproute2.git); just type make as well. Copy all the resulting binaries to an appropriate place (e.g. /usr/local/bin). Do not use make install at least in iproute2 sourcetree, because this will replace your systems ip command.
Now all you need to do ist to enable you can0 interface by means of the following command:
ip link set can0 up txqueuelen 1000 type can bitrate 1000000
Use another value than 1000000 for different bitrates.
The txqueuelen might not be needed in your case if you don’t have peak traffic like I do.
OK, that`s it! You can now connect your bus to some device and use candump for watching your raw CAN pakets on the bus.
For integration into Debian GNU/Linux you may use something like the following in /etc/network/interfaces for automatically starting up your can0 device on system boot:
--cut--
auto can0
iface can0 inet manual
# bitrate 1MBps
# increase TX queue length because of the pulsed nature of
# the traffic we generate
up /usr/local/bin/ip link set can0 up txqueuelen 1000 type can bitrate 1000000
down /sbin/ifconfig $IFACE down
--cut--
See Documentation/networking/can.txt inside your Kernel tree for further documentation.
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